Voter registration

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Registration of voters (or registration ) is a requirement that eligible persons choose to register (or register) on the voters list before they are eligible or allowed to vote. Such registration may be done automatically or may require applications made by eligible voters. The rules governing the registration vary between jurisdictions. Some jurisdictions have "election day registration" and others do not require registration, or may require production of proof of the right to vote at the time of the vote. In some enrollment jurisdictions by persons of voter age is mandatory, while in most it is optional. In jurisdictions where registration is voluntary, attempts may be made to encourage persons who are otherwise entitled to vote register, in what is referred to as voter registration drives.

Registered people may need to re-register or update their registration if they change their residence or other relevant information. In some jurisdictions, when someone enrolls a change of residence with a government agency, say, for a driver's license, a government agency may forward the information to the election body to automatically update voter registration information.

Even in countries where registration is an individual responsibility, many reformers, seeking to maximize voter participation, argue for greater availability of the required forms, or more easily process by having more places where they can apply. The United States, for example, the 1993 1993 National Electoral Registrar Act ("Motor Vehicle Law") and similar laws require states to offer voter registration in the motor vehicle department (SIM office) as well as the disability of the center, public schools, and public libraries, to offer more access to the system. The state authorities are also required to accept voter registration by mail. Many jurisdictions also offer online registration.

Video Voter registration

Registration of the same day voter or Election Day registration

In the United States, countries generally require voter registration. Some US states do not require advance registration, otherwise allow voters to register when they arrive at the polls, in the so-called same day registration or election day registration . North Dakota is the only country that does not have a registration requirement.

The same day registration (SDR) has been linked to a higher turnout, with SDR states reporting an average turn-out of 71% in 2012 US Presidential elections, well above the average turner turnout rate of 59% for non-SDR states.

Maps Voter registration

Effects and controversy

The registration law makes voters more difficult to register strongly correlated with a lower percentage of outgoing people to vote where voting is voluntary.

Historically in the United States, the southern states of the former Confederate passed a new constitution and law at the turn of the century that created obstacles to voter registration, such as voting taxes, literacy tests, grandfather clauses, and complicated record keeping requirements. In practice, in their system Jim Crow, these elements were used to deprive most of the African-Americans and many poor white people from voting, including thousands of people in every state of the political system. These white Democratic minorities in these states control political processes and elections, gaining great power locally and in Congress as Solid South. The states retain exceptions like most African Americans for over 60 years. Other minority groups have also been discriminated against by other countries at various times in voter registration practices, such as Native Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and other language minorities.

Because of this history, voter registration laws and practices in the United States have been closely scrutinized by interest groups and the federal government, especially after the issuance of the Select Right Act in 1965. This allows federal oversight of jurisdictions with underrepresented history. a certain part of their population in the vote. Such laws are often controversial. Some advocates for their abolition, while others argue that legislation should be reformed, for example: to enable voters to register on election day. Some US states - Connecticut, Idaho, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, Wisconsin and Wyoming - have adopted this approach, called Election Day Selection. For the 2012 election year, California joins this list.

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International voter registration

The voter registration system varies greatly from country to country, and sometimes between lower jurisdictions, such as a state or province. In some countries, voters are automatically added to the scroll when they reach the legal voting age. On the other hand, potential voters must apply to be added to the scroll.

Australia

The Australian Electoral Commission maintains a list of Australian federal voters. Each state also has its own election commission or office, but voters must register only with the AEC, which shares registration details with the relevant state election commissions. Voter registration is mandatory for all citizens aged 18 and over. AEC monitors sales of homes and apartments and sends reminders (and forms) to new residents if they move to other voters, making legal compliance easier.

Canada

In Canada, the task of enumeration was handled until 1992 by the relevant electoral bureaus, such as the Canadian federal election for the federal level. The assignment is delegated to temporary employees from the community, who are assigned to go to each residence in the area assigned to determine eligible voters for publicly listed lists for each election. Parliament stopped this system for fiscal reasons in the 1990s that supported the opt-in process, in which voters marked their approval to be added to the national voters list, or to register, on their annual income tax returns. While this allows the list to be updated annually, complaints are listed that there is an excessive amount of population disappearance, which unnecessarily complicates voting for the public and contributes to a serious decline in the percentage of people who vote.

The register is also updated using the following sources:

recording of provincial and territorial motor vehicles
Canadian Revenue Agency
Citizenship and Immigration Canada
recording of provincial and territorial vital statistics, and provincial electoral institutions with permanent voter lists (eg British Columbia and Quebec)
information provided by voters when they register to vote or revise their information during and between federal elections
proven voters list from other Canadian jurisdictions

Registration on the same day is also permitted.

Chile

Since 2012, voter registration in Chile is automatic. It is based on a database by the Chilean Civil Registry Office and a foreign resident who has an identity card number, which is unique to each individual when the problem is and is never reused after someone's death. All Chilean citizens and eligible foreigners are automatically added to the voters register at the age of 17 and placed on voting elections based on their last address reported with the Office. The address, known as the "election domicile", may differ from the address of one's residence, if desired. The election roll can contain a large number of people who are abroad. Residents abroad are not allowed to vote in Chile elections.

Czech Republic

All citizens and residents are included in the national list. Each person is given a personal identification number that includes a person's birthday and is divisible by 11.

Denmark

All citizens and residents of Denmark are included in the national list, Det Centrale Personregister. Each person is given a ten-digit personal number, which includes the date of birth of a person. This list is used for tax lists, voter lists, membership in universal health care systems, official records of residence, and other purposes. All eligible voters receive the card by post before any election indicating the local date, time and place of voting; it may only be presented at a designated local polling station. Only citizens can vote in national elections, while old citizens may vote in local and regional elections. A permanent address in Denmark is required to vote. Voting is voluntary.

Finnish

The voter registration in Finland is automatic and based on the national population list. Every citizen is given an identification number at birth. Residents remain on this list even if they are not citizens, and their citizenship status is shown in the list. People on the list are legally required to notify the address change attendant. Changing the address in the list automatically notifies all other public bodies (eg tax district for local taxes, social security authorities, compulsory military authorities) and certain trusted private parties (eg banks and insurance companies), making the resettlement process very simple. Close to election time, the government sends notices to the registered people who inform them of the election and where and when to cast their vote. Only citizens can vote in national elections, but all citizens can vote in local elections.

German

All permanent residents of Germany are required to register their residence (or the fact that they are homeless) with the local government. Citizens who will be 18 years and over on the day of voting will automatically receive notification cards by mail several weeks before any election they are entitled to vote: for local elections, other foreign nationals will also accept these cards and may vote. For European election, other EU citizens must register separately. The polling station has a list of all eligible voters living in the neighborhood served by a particular station; voter notification cards (or photo IDs such as ID, passport or driver's license, if notification cards are not on hand) are checked against this list before people receive voice mail. Voting is not mandatory.

Hong Kong

In Hong Kong all permanent residents over the age of 18 and not suffering from mental illness may register as voters. Imprisoned people can also register and vote because laws that prohibit them from voting are considered unconstitutional in 2009 and may vote since mid-2010 because the voter list is updated annually. The registration process is voluntary. In 2002 about 1.6 million people remained unregistered.

Iceland

All citizens of Iceland are registered in the central database at birth, administered by Icelandic Registrars. They do not need to register separately to vote.

India

The Indian government revises the voters list every 5 years. Additional summary revisions are made annually. Apart from this, citizens may request their participation in the Voters list by submitting an application through form 6. If the application is valid, the name of the applicant will be included in the list. 18 years of completion must qualify for the voter list (for Indian quotes only)

Israel

In Israel, all citizens aged 18 years or older on election day are automatically registered to vote.

Italy

In Italy, all municipalities have a list of eligible voters and voters. It is revised every six months and every time there is an election. The eligible voter list can be seen by anyone to ensure maximum transparency in the selection process. All citizens aged 18 years or older on election day are automatically registered to vote.

Mexico

Mexico has an electoral census. Every citizen aged 18 years and over must go to the electoral office to be registered in the selection census. Residents received a voting card (credencial de elector con fotografÃƒÆ'a ), issued by the National Electoral Institute (INE) (from 1990 to 4/2014 it was called the Federal Electoral Institute) which had to be shown to vote in any election. Voting cards also serve as national identity documents.

Norwegian

All citizens and residents of Norway are on the national list, Folkeregisteret , where each person is given a personal number of eleven digits which includes the date of birth of a person. This list is used for tax lists, voter lists, membership in universal health care systems and other purposes, and maintained by the tax authorities. All eligible voters receive the card by post before any election indicating the date, time and place of the local polling. Only citizens can vote in national elections, while old citizens may vote in local and regional elections. Voting is not mandatory.

Philippines

South Korea

There is no formal process for voter registration for South Koreans. All citizens will be automatically registered in the voters list on each election date. A domestic in-absentee voice stops and residents can visit the guesthouse center (????) and vote in advance over the weekend before the actual election date.

However, residents who either temporarily or permanently reside abroad permanently must apply for an in-absentee vote abroad to vote. Voting can be done in Korean foreign missions.

Switzerland

All citizens and residents of Switzerland are required to register to the municipal government in their residence. Automatic voter registration for citizens; the government sent a ballot by mail several weeks before the election or referendum.

United Kingdom

In the UK voter registration is mandatory, but the requirement to register is rarely enforced. The current registration system in the UK (UK), introduced by the Labor government, is known as rolling registration. Voters may register with local authorities at any time of the year. It replaces the census of voters twice a year, which often deprives the rights of those who have moved during intermittent census intervals.

Across the country, the registration of voters is technically still the responsibility of the head of the family, a concept which some perceive as anachronistic in modern society. The system is currently controversial, as it is possible for one person to remove the people living with them from the voter list. In January 2012, mandatory registration of individuals, in accordance with the Political Party and the 2009 Election Act, has been anticipated.

A feasibility study for electronic individual voter registration (IVR), based on the experience of other countries, was conducted by the EURIM (Information Society Alliance) in 2010. The final report was released in 2011. According to House of Commons Hansard from 16 January 2012, the IVR initiative has not been implemented in England. There was discussion of data from Northern Ireland, where the individual voter registration rate declined significantly after the introduction of the IVR policy.

In an experiment in Northern Ireland using personal identifiers, such as National Insurance numbers and signatures, the number of registered voters fell by about ten thousand. It was also understood that a new process might have resulted in fictitious voters coming down from scrolls.

Registration is mandatory in accordance with article 23 of the 2001 People's (2001 and No. 1) People's Representation Rules (No. 341) and the offender is responsible for the confidence of the summary and faces a maximum fine of Ãƒ, Ã‚ Â£ 1,000. Voters must be on the voters list to vote in national, local, or European elections. A fixed address is required for an individual to vote in the election. To provide for temporary people, if someone does not have a fixed address want to vote, they can sign up by filling out a 'Local connection declaration' form. This establishes connections to an area based on a person's last fixed address, or a place where they spend much of their time (such as a homeless shelter).

Sound cards are sent to each registrant shortly before the election. Individuals do not need to carry cards to TPS, but rather serve to remind individuals of the details they have given to voter lists.

United States

Voter registration in the United States takes place at the district level, and is a prerequisite for voting in federal, state and local elections. The only exception is North Dakota, although North Dakota's law allows the city to register voters for municipal elections.

A 2012 study by The Pew Charitable Trusts estimates that 24% of eligible voting populations in the United States are not registered to vote, a percentage representing "at least 51 million eligible US citizens." Many countries have a history of creating barriers to voter registration through various fees, literacy or comprehension tests, and record keeping requirements that in practice discriminate against racial or ethnic minorities, language minorities, and other groups. The 1965 Voting Rights Act prohibits such violations and authoritative federal oversight in the jurisdiction of the under-represented history of certain groups. The state continues to develop new practices that can discriminate against specific populations. In August 2016, a federal decision in five cases had annulled all or part of voter registration or voter ID laws in Ohio, Texas, North Carolina, Wisconsin and North Dakota that were found to place undue burdens on minorities and other groups in the voters. Countries are required to offer alternatives for November 2016 elections; many of these cases are expected to reach the US Supreme Court for additional checks.

Although voters traditionally had to register in government offices in a certain period before the election, in the mid-1990s, the federal government tried to simplify the registration procedure to improve access and increase the number of voters. The 1993 National Electoral Registration Act ("Motor Vehicle Law") requires state governments to either provide uniform participation registration services through the registration center for driver's licenses, disability centers, schools, libraries and letters -in registration, or to enable voter registration on Election Day, where voters may register at the polls immediately prior to the ballot. From 1 January 2016, Oregon was the first state to adopt an opt-out opt-out registration system as part of the issuance process of SIM and ID cards. In April 2016, three more states - California, West Virginia, and Vermont - followed suit, and in May 2016, Connecticut implemented it administratively rather than by law, bringing the number of countries with automatic voter registrations to five. The Alaska Voters approve Measuring 1 during the November 8, 2016 election, allowing citizens the ability to register to vote when applying annually to the Permanent Dividend Fund of the country. The voter approval of Measure 1 makes Alaska the first country to apply automatic voter registration (voting) through a nationwide ballot and sixth initiative to apply automatic enrollment in any way including passing legislation. Some states have drafted a law proposing automatic enrollment.

Political parties and other organizations sometimes have voter registration encouragement, organized efforts to register new voter groups.

Bureau of Corporations, Elections & Commissions

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References

src: www.lacounty.gov

External links

Registration system

Streetwiki - Project from Government to enable distributed registration system for online voting.
Online ID Card Voters - Indian Voters can now apply for ID Card Voters online.

Certain United States voter registration projects

LiftEveryVote.net - Fair and Secure Selection through Automatic Selection Registrations
Remote Voters - voter registration and voice resources are not present for 50 states.
Online: Arizona
The Project Votes program from the Oregon Bus Project (model for peer-to-peer voter turnout)
Overseas Vote Foundation - Online voter registration and voice demand apparatus for US civilian voters living abroad and for military and dependent voters placed abroad
Register Online: Washington
Sign up to vote with Rock the Vote's online form. (US)
Voter Registration - registration by country, general voter registration information.

Source of the article : Wikipedia

Voter registration

Sabtu, 02 Juni 2018