Food contact materials

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Food contact material is the material intended to be related to food. This can be pretty obvious like glasses, cans for soft drinks, but also machines in a food factory or coffee machine.

Food contact material can be made from various materials such as plastic, rubber, paper, coating, metal, etc. In many cases, combinations are used; eg carton boxes for juice can include (from the inside out): plastic, aluminum, paper, printing, and top layers.

During contact with food molecules can migrate from food contact substances to food. Therefore, in many countries regulations are made to ensure food security.

Video Food contact materials

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The international symbol for "safe food" is the symbol of wine glasses and forks . The symbol identifies that the material used in the product is safe for food contact. These include food and water containers, packaging materials, dinnerware, etc. This rule applies to any product intended for food contact whether it is made of metal, ceramics, paper and plastics, and plastics. The use of symbols is more significant in products that must be explicitly identified whether the food is safe or not, ie wherever there is ambuiguity whether the container can be used to store food items. This symbol is used in North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. This is mandatory for products sold in Europe after the EC Framework Regulation 1935/2004.

In plastic containers, above and above the resin identification codes specified (ie ,,,,), food safety assurance is necessary because the resin identification codes do not explicitly communicate the secure property of the food (or more significantly, the lack of it).

Although legal requirements in different countries will be different, safe food symbols generally assure that:

1. The container surface is free of any toxic contaminants that can be contacted from the manufacturing process.
2. The container material is made from not potentially a source of toxic contamination through use (degeneration). This is guaranteed by estimating and managing the "limit of migration" of the material. In EU regulations, the overall migration is limited to 10 mg of substance/dm² from the surface of potential contacts. Specific migrations for different materials will vary for different temperature levels (food and storage) and for different types of foods depending on variables such as the pH of the foodstuff. Consideration of toxicity of certain ingredients may include carcinogenity of the substance. The rules governing these aspects may vary in different countries.

Maps Food contact materials

Legislation

European Union

Regulatory framework (EC) no. 1935/2004 applies to all food contact materials. Article 3 contains general safety requirements such as not endangering human health, no unacceptable changes in the composition and no organoleptic characteristic damage. Article 4 sets out the specific requirements for active and intelligent materials. Article 5 sets out the steps for a group of materials that can be specified in separate landing regulations. Member States may maintain or adopt national provisions (Art. 6). Chapters 7-14 and 22-23 address the requirements and applications for substance authorization, authorization modification, the role of the European Food Safety Authority, Member States, and Communities. Article 15 is about the label of food contact material not yet in contact with food. Article 16 requires an appropriate compliance and documentation declaration indicating compliance. Articles 17-21 deal with traceability, security measures, public access to applications, confidentiality, and data sharing. Article 24 establishes inspection and control measures.

Special steps for materials and articles such as ceramics, regenerated cellulose, plastics, gaskets and active and intelligent materials, and substances such as vinyl chloride, N-nitrosamine and N-nitrostable substances in rubber, and epoxy derivatives, exist.

EU No. 10/2011 is a regulation applicable to all Foodstuff or Plastic contact material.

United States

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers three different types of food additives:

• Direct food additives - components added directly to food
• Secondary direct food additives - components added to food due to food treatments such as treating foods with ionic resins, solvent extraction
• Indirect food additive - substances that may come into contact with food as part of the packaging or processing equipment, but are not intended to be added directly to food

Food contact materials are described in the Federal Regulatory Code (CFR): 21 CFR 174 - 21 CFR 190. Important starting points are:

• 21 CFR 175 Indirect food additives: Adhesives and coating components
• 21 CFR 176 Indirect food additives: Paper and paperboard components
• 21 CFR 177 Indirect food additives: Polymers

For this material additives can be added. Which additives are dependent on the additives and the materials intended for use. There should be a reference to the paragraph in which the additive is mentioned and the restrictions (eg only for use in polyolefines) and the limit (max 0.5% in the final product) must be respected. See below for the section where the additives are described: 21 CFR 170 Food Additives

• 21 CFR 171 petition additional food
• 21 CFR 172 Food additives allowed for direct additions to food for human consumption
• 21 CFR 173 Secondary direct food additives are allowed in food for human consumption
• 21 CFR 178 Indirect food additives: Adjuvant, production aid, and cleanser
• 21 CFR 180 Food additives are permitted in food or food contacts temporarily pending additional studies

Polymers or additives may also be arranged in other ways with the exception; as an example:

• Regulatory threshold
• Food contact notification
• Private letters
• Pre-approved foodstuff
• Commonly known as secure (GRAS)

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See also

• Food safety
• Packaging and labeling
• List of food labeling rules
• Disposable food packaging
  • Disposable cup

src: www.bisphenol-a-europe.org

References

src: fca.cefic.org

Further reading

• LFGB Article 30 & amp; 31 (German rule)

Source of the article : Wikipedia