Cosmetic ingredients come from a variety of sources but, unlike food, are often not considered by most consumers. Cosmetics often use bright colors that come from various sources, ranging from insects that are destroyed to rust.
Cosmetics in various forms dates back to early civilization, with the need to enhance personal appearance to be an important factor in attracting a partner. Over the years the materials have changed dramatically as we discover how to make our own cosmetic scents and formulas. The realization of the dangers of many common materials also greatly affects the emerging industries. Ancient Egyptian aristocracies use minerals to give color and definition to their facial features. During the era of the Greek Empire it was common to use face paint, while the Romans enjoyed bathing containing oil-based perfumes.
Video Ingredients of cosmetics
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Castor oil and its derivatives are found in many cosmetics because they are "non-comedogenic" (neither exacerbating or contributing to acne).
Cerebroside (cells from the cow's or pig's nervous system) was once used in some high-end skin care products to improve moisture retention and to create smooth skin surfaces, but the BSE controversy has put an end to this practice.
In many countries, color in cosmetics is listed as a number from the International Color Index. This scheme covers the colors used in food, personal care products, cosmetics, household products and cloth dyeing. For example, tartrazine is not usually listed as such in lipstick material, but as C.I. 19140. Erythrosine will be listed as C.I. 45430, and so on. In US and Canadian colors registered as FD & amp; Color C. Tartrazine (E102) is FD & amp; C Yellow 5 and erythrosine (E127) are FD & amp; C Red 3.
Visual effects
A strong red color for eye products has been produced using carmine dyes, made from carminic acid extracted from the crushed body of a cochineal insect. Carmine was once the only bright red color allowed by the FDA to be used around the eyes.
Pearlescence, also sometimes spelled as "pearl essence", is a luster or glow effect commonly used in a wide variety of cosmetic products. The most common source of pearlescence is a natural mineral mica covered by a thin layer of titanium dioxide. This coating causes goniochromism - the color appears through interference effects with natural transparent mica, and varying the thickness of titanium dioxide to change color. Alternatives exist, including small flake suspensions of suitable ingredients in the product, often in the form of waxes such as distearate glycols. The glistening substance found in fish scales, usually obtained from herring and one of the many byproducts of commercial fish processing, can also be used for pearlescent effects, especially in nail polish, but is now rarely used because of its expensive price, bismuth flakes of oxychloride are used as replacement.
Maps Ingredients of cosmetics
Cosmetic type
Facial cosmetics
The Romans and the ancient Egyptians used cosmetics that contained mercury.
Foundations
Women from Roman Britain use foundations made of animal fats, starch and lead oxide. Today's foundations come in a variety of formulas and finishes, mostly water, silicone, or mineral based. The foundation on the market today comes in the form of cream, liquid, solid powder, loose powder, or mineral form. They also come in various finishes such as matte or satin depending on the desired look.
Lipstick
Lipstick is known to have been used about 5000 years ago in ancient Babylon, when semi-precious gems were destroyed and smeared onto the lips and sometimes around the eyes. The Ancient Egyptians removed a purplish red dye from fucus-algin, 0.01% iodine, and some bromine mannite, which resulted in a serious illness. Cleopatra has a lipstick made of crushed carmin beetles, which gives dark red pigments, and ants to the base.
Modern red color lipsticks can be derived from synthetic pure iron oxides (generally rusted iron), but most leading brands use more economical synthetic colors. In the United States, each batch of synthetic dyes and pigments must have samples sent to the US FDA for testing and certification that the batch is pure and its contaminants are below the levels prescribed by law. Synthetic colors are listed in the materials as code (eg: F & D red 6) and can contain up to 10 parts per million tin/3 parts per million arsenic. There is some controversy over the presence of these tracking agents, especially since the makeup worn on the lips is not only absorbed through the skin, but also swallowed with drinking and eating. Because lowering this level will make production and sale practically all lipstick illegal, and because the FDA has determined that the existing levels are safe, the cosmetics industry continues to produce and sell lipsticks.
Usually, the pigment is destroyed very fine (7 to 10 micrometers) while mixed with castor oil and then mixed with wax base to form the finished lipstick.
Lipstick may be thin or dense, matte or glossy. In the thinnest and most liquid consistency they are given their own category, lip gloss.
Perfume
The Islamic culture contributes significantly in the development of western fragrances in both refining fragrance extraction through steam distillation and introducing new raw materials. Both raw materials and distillation technology significantly affect western fragrances and scientific developments, particularly chemistry.
As traders, Islamic cultures such as Arabs and Persians have wider access to various spices, herbs, and other fragrance ingredients. In addition to trading them, many of these exotic ingredients are cultivated by Muslims so that they can successfully grow beyond their original climate. These two examples include jasmine, native to South and Southeast Asia, and various oranges, which are native to East Asia. Both of these materials are still very important in modern fragrances.
The Crusaders brought alcohol-based perfume back to Europe from the Middle East in the 13th century. The first modern perfume, made of fragrant oil mixed in alcoholic solution, was made in 1370 on the orders of Queen Elizabeth of Hungary and is known throughout Europe as Hungary Air. France quickly became a center for European perfume and cosmetics, planting large amounts of flowers for its essence. In the 18th century, aromatic plants were specifically grown in the Grasse region of France to provide a perfume industry that developed with raw materials.
Deodorant and antiperspirant
Perfumes have been used to mask body odor for hundreds of years, but by the end of the 19th century the ability to reduce the odor was developed. The original antiperspirant active ingredient is aluminum chloride but complaints of skin irritation lead to increased use of aluminum chlorohydrate as an alternative. Aluminum has been established as a neurotoxin and has been shown to affect blood-brain barrier, cause DNA damage, and has an adverse epigenetic effect. Research has shown that the aluminum salts used in antiperspirants have a detrimental effect on a number of species such as non-human primates, rodents, dogs and others. Experiments with mice found that applying an aluminum chloride solution to the skin resulted in a "significant increase in urine, serum, and all of the brain's aluminum." Another experiment on pregnant mice showed a transplacental pathway of aluminum chloride.
Rule
Legislation varies from country to country but most countries have some sort of formal law that limits or prohibits certain materials or products. There are two main sources for cosmetic safety: EU Cosmetics Directive 76/768/EEC and Canadian Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist. Regulations in the United States by the FDA are very weak.
The new version of the EU Cosmetics Directive adopted by the European Parliament, March 24, 2009. This includes new rules on the use of nanoparticles in cosmetics and includes strict rules on cosmetic animal testing.
Cosmetic dyes, with the exception of hair dye in the United States, are highly regulated. Each country or group of countries has their own regulatory body that controls what goes into cosmetics. In the United States, the regulatory body is the Food and Drug Administration. In addition to color additives, cosmetic products and ingredients are not subject to FDA regulations before being released to the market. Only when a product is found to be in violation of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Law (FD & C Act) and the FPLA Justice Act after its launch, the FDA may begin to take action against this offense. The FDA may request a withdrawal if the company refuses to issue an unsafe product from the market, works with the Department of Justice to remove contaminated or misbranded products, requests a restraining order to prevent further transmission of contaminated or misbranded products, and takes action against the company law. A company may use any material, other than color additives and substances banned from use in cosmetics through regulation, as long as the finished product and its ingredients are safe, properly labeled, and not contaminated or misbranded under FD & amp; C Act and FPLA. The FDA can and does conduct inspections.
Potential danger
The search for new materials and products often brings controversy, usually over substances whose functions are not proven or debated.
There are several potential dangers related to cosmetic use. One of these dangers is the use of old mascara. Some mascaras contain damaged materials to produce formaldehyde. Formaldehyde prevents bacterial growth. Older mascots, however, may no longer produce formaldehyde, allowing bacteria to proliferate. For this reason, it is often recommended to replace the mascara tube every few months.
In one famous case, Buddy Ebsen originally served as "Tin Man" at The Wizard of Oz . Aluminum dust is used to create the tin effect. As a result of an allergic reaction, he was hospitalized and Jack Haley replaced him. Aluminum dust, on the contrary, is added to the paste.
See also
- List of cosmetic ingredients
- List of vegetable oils
- International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI)
- Test cosmetics on animals
References
External links
- Cosmetic Security Database
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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