Male-to-female genital change operation involves reshaping the male genitals into shape with appearance, and, as far as possible, female genital function. Before undergoing any surgery, patients usually undergo hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and, depending on the age at which HRT begins, the removal of facial hair. There are surgery-related patients can opt for, including facial feminization surgery, breast enlargement, and various other procedures.
Video Sex reassignment surgery (male-to-female)
Histori
Lili Elbe was the first known recipient of a male-to-female genital change operation, in Germany in 1930. He was the subject of four operations: one for orchiectomy, one for ovarian transplant, one for penectomy, and one for vaginoplasty and uterine transplantation. However, he died three months after his last operation.
Christine JÃÆ'¸rgensen was probably the recipient of the most famous sex change surgery, after her surgery was performed in Denmark at the end of 1952 and after that came out. He is a strong advocate for the rights of transgender people.
Another famous person who underwent male-to-female genital change surgery was Renà © phe Richards. He transitioned and underwent surgery in the mid-1970s, and managed to fight for transgender people to be recognized in their new gender.
The first male-to-female operation in the United States occurred in 1966 at Johns Hopkins University Medical Center. The first doctor to have sex change surgery in the United States was the late Elmer Belt, who did so until the late 1960s.
In 2017, the United States Defense Force Agency for the first time approved payments for sex reimbursement operations for active US military service personnel. The patient, an infantry soldier who identifies as a woman, has initiated a series of treatments for gender assignment. This procedure, deemed necessary medically by treating physicians, was conducted on November 14 at a private hospital, because US military hospitals lacked the necessary surgical skills.
Maps Sex reassignment surgery (male-to-female)
Sex operations
When changing anatomical sex from male to female, the testicles are removed, and the foreskin and penis skin is usually reversed, as a flap that keeps the blood and nerve supply (a technique pioneered by Sir Harold Gillies in 1951), to form fully sensitive. vagina (vaginoplasty). The clitoris supplied with nerve endings (insulated) can be formed from the gland of the penis. If the patient has been circumcised (removal of the foreskin), or if the surgeon's technique uses more skin in the formation of the minora labia, the pubic hair follicle is removed from some scrotal tissue, which is then inserted by the surgeon in the vagina. Other scrotum tissues form the labia majora.
In extreme cases of skin deficiency, or when vaginoplasty has failed, the vaginal lining may be made from a skin graft from the thigh or hip, or colon-exposed portion of the colon (colovaginoplasty).
The needs, procedures, and recommendations of the surgeons vary greatly in the days before and after, and in the following months, this procedure.
Plastic surgery, because it involves the skin, is never an appropriate procedure, and cosmetic purification to the external vulva is sometimes necessary. Some surgeons prefer to do most of the manufacture of the external vulva as a second surgery, when other tissues, blood supply and nerves have recovered from the first surgery. This relatively small surgery, usually done only with local anesthesia, is called labiaplasty.
The aesthetic, sensational, and functional results of vaginoplasty vary widely. Surgeons vary in their techniques and skills, the patient's skin varies in elasticity and healing ability (which is affected by age, nutrition, physical activity and smoking), any previous operations in the area can have an impact on outcomes, and surgery can be complicated by problems such as infection, blood loss, or nerve damage.
Supporters of colovaginoplasty claim that this method is better than using a skin graft because the colon is mucous, while the skin is not. Lubrication is required during sex and sometimes douching is recommended so that bacteria do not start to grow and smell.
Because of the risk of vaginal stenosis (narrowing or loss of vaginal flexibility), any current vaginoplasty technique requires long-term volume maintenance (vaginal dilatation), by the patient, using a medical dilator to keep the vagina open.. Penetration of vaginal penetration with sexual partners is not an adequate method of widening. The daily widening of the vagina for six months to prevent stenosis is recommended among health professionals. Over time, dilation is needed less frequently, but may be required indefinitely in some cases.
Regular estrogen application into the vagina, which there are some standard products, may help, but this should be calculated into the total dose of estrogen. Some surgeons have techniques to ensure a sustained depth, but long periods of time without widening will often lead to reduced diameter (vaginal stenosis) to some extent, which will require longer stretching, either gradually, or, in extreme cases, at under anesthesia.
With the current procedure, the trans woman does not have an ovary or uteri. This means that they can not give birth to children or menstruation until a uterine transplant is performed, and that they will need to remain on hormone therapy after their surgery to maintain female hormone status.
Feminization facial operation
Sometimes these basic procedures are further equipped with feminine beauty surgery or procedures that alter the structure of bone or cartilage, usually in the jaw, eyebrow, forehead, nose and cheek area. This is known as facial feminization surgery or FFS.
Breast enlargement
Breast enlargement is breast enlargement. Some trans women choose to undergo this procedure if hormone therapy does not produce satisfactory results. Typically, the typical growth for trans females is one to two cup sizes under highly related women such as mothers or sisters. Estrogen is responsible for the distribution of fat to the breast, hips and buttocks, while progesterone is responsible for developing the actual milk glands. Progesterone also rounds the breast to a 5-mature and mature Tanner ad stage and darkens the areola.
Sound feminization operation
Some MTF individuals may choose to perform a sound operation, changing the range or tone of a person's vocal cords. However, this procedure carries the risk of damaging the voice of a trans woman forever, as happened to transgender economist and author Deirdre McCloskey. Since estrogen itself can not change the reach or reach of a person's voice, some people proceed to seek treatment. Another option is available for people who want to talk in a less masculine tone. Voice feminization lessons are available to train trans females to practice the feminization of their speech.
Trachea shave
Tracheal shaving procedures are also sometimes used to reduce cartilage in the throat area and minimize the appearance of the Adam's apple, to fit a more feminine dimension.
Buttock enlargement
Because the hip and buttocks of masculine anatomy are generally smaller than those of an anatomically feminine, some individuals of MTF will choose to undergo ass enlargement. However, if efficient hormone therapy is performed before the patient passes through puberty, the pelvis will be slightly dilated, and even if the patient is past their adolescence, subcutaneous fat layer will be distributed throughout the rounded body contours. Trans women usually end up with a waist to hip ratio of about 0.8, and if estrogen is given at a fairly young age "before the bone plate closes", some trans females may reach the waist with a hip ratio of 0.7 or lower. The pubic pelvis will extend under estrogen therapy even if the skeleton is anatomically masculine.
See also
- List of transgender related topics
- Sex change operation
- Sex-change operation (female-to-male)
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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